Cannabis contains a wide variety of chemical compounds and properties that contribute to its effects—both medicinal and psychoactive. Here's a breakdown of the most important ones:
1. CannabinoidsThese are the active compounds in cannabis. The two most well-known are:
- THC (Tetrahydrocannabinol)
- Primary psychoactive compound.
- Causes the "high" feeling.
- Used for pain relief, nausea, appetite stimulation.
- CBD (Cannabidiol)
- Non-psychoactive, calming effect.
- Known for anti-inflammatory, anti-anxiety, and seizure-reducing properties.
- Often used in wellness and medical products.
Other minor cannabinoids:
- CBG (Cannabigerol): Potential antibacterial, anti-inflammatory effects.
- CBN (Cannabinol): Mildly psychoactive, often linked to sedation.
- THCV, CBC, etc.: Still under research for benefits like appetite control and neuroprotection.
These give cannabis its aroma and flavor, but also affect its overall effects.
- Myrcene: Sedative, found in indica strains (earthy/musky smell).
- Limonene: Mood-elevating, citrusy scent.
- Pinene: Alertness, memory support (pine scent).
- Linalool: Calming, floral aroma (also in lavender).
- Less studied but thought to offer antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
- Contribute to color and may enhance therapeutic properties when combined with cannabinoids (the "entourage effect").
- Indica: More body-relaxing, often sedative.
- Sativa: Energizing, cerebral.
- Hybrid: Combination effects depending on lineage.
Medicinal Use:
- Chronic pain
- Anxiety and PTSD
- Epilepsy (especially CBD)
- Cancer-related symptoms (nausea, appetite)
- Inflammation and autoimmune conditions
Recreational Use:
- Mood enhancement
- Relaxation
- Creative stimulation
